ABSTRACT
To compare the efficacy of Simvastatin with Atorvastatin in lowering Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol [LDL-C] in patients with Hypercholesterolemia in a tertiary care hospital. Prospective, observational, single center study. Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. December 2011 to December 2012. A total of 200 cases having base line fasting LDL-C level of >/= 130 mg/dl and meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the study through both outpatient department [OPD] and admitted patient. After detailed history and clinical examination, all patients were divided randomly into two groups, A and B. Patients in Group A were given Simvastatin 20mg/day and Group B received Atorvastatin 20mg/day. Fasting blood samples were taken from the selected patients in the start of study and after 12 weeks. A total of 200 subjects with a serum LDL-C level >/= 130 mg/dL were included in the study. They were divided into 2 groups randomly, 100 in each group. Each group comprised of 75 male and 25 female. The mean age in group A was 52 years and in group B it was 54 years. The age ranges between 40 years and 73 years. Mean base LDL-C level was 165 mg/dl in group A and 170mg/dl in group B. Simvastatin 20 mg/dl reduced LDL-C level by 26% and Atorvastatin 20mg/dl reduced LDL-C level by 33% after 12 weeks of treatment. Atorvastatin is a more effective drug to reduce serum LDL cholesterol than Simvastatin in the same doses
ABSTRACT
Background: Hypertension, one of the most common diseases, with medical treatment ranging from monotherapy to combination of drugs
Objective: This study was conducted to determine the pattern of prescription of antihypertensive agents and their effect on blood pressure control among hypertensive patients with BMI above or below 25
Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 hospital admitted hypertensive patients from 1[st] April to 30[th] June 2012, in the department of Medicine, in Khyber Teaching Hospital, Leady Reading Hospital, Peshawar and Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad. In the study were included only the previously known hypertensive patients with or without the complications of hypertension whereas, those who were either newly diagnosed cases or treated as outdoor patients, having white coat hypertension or having vague history of hypertension were excluded from the study. A detailed questionnaire including biographic details, BMI, BP record, associated comorbidities, baseline biochemical profile including RBS, antihypertensive drug or drugs combination used, and any adverse effects, was used. The data was processed using SPSS Version 20
Results: Amlodipine was only calcium channel blocker prescribed in our study, which was given to 43 [28.7%] of all the cases, ACEi were prescribed to 45 [30%] of cases [lisinopril 20%, enalapril 2.6%, ramipril 7.3%]. ARBs were given to 7 [4.6%], diuretic were given to 48 [32%] of all the cases and beta blockers were given to 7 [4.6%] patients. Combination was given to 48 [32%] of the patients seen and as a second line therapy when one of the fore mentioned drug failed. It was noted that 125 [67%] of the patients achieved target BP of less than 140/90 mmHg, with the used of antihypertensive medication whereas, 33% of all the patients failed to achieve the target BP. It was noted that 54% of the study subjects were having DM and were obese, with 10% having nephropathy and protinurea. It was noted that 13% where having history of MI and 5% having history of strokes
Conclusion: It is concluded that Amlodipine, lisinopirl and diuretic are leading drugs used in tertiary care hospitals of Khyber Pakhtunkhawa. It was noted that antihypertensive drugs gradually lose their effectiveness in controlling BP as the BMI increases
ABSTRACT
To compare the efficacy of ciprofloxacin with ceftriaxone in the treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with cirrhosis liver and ascites. This hospital based quasi-experimental study. Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar. October, 2009 to April, 2010. A total of 200 patients were selected by non-probability purposive sampling method after obtaining an informed consent. Sample size was calculated through WHOS statistical calculator. All the selected patients had clinical and biochemical evidence of cirrhosis liver and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Both sexes were included in the selected patients had clinical and biochemical evidence of cirrhosis liver and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Both sexes were included in the study. They were randomly divided into two groups; group I was treated with ciprofloxacin and group II was treated with ceftriaxone. 200 patients including 124 males and 76 females with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis were included in the study. 100 patients each were treated with ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone in the two groups. 82% responded favourably to 5 days course of I/V 200 mg ciprofloxacin and 91% were cured with 5 days therapy of I/V 2gm ceftriaxone. Both ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin are equally effective in the treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis